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Inside the Chornobyl exclusion zone – in pictures

The Guardian > Energy

A Russian drone attack has inflicted tens of millions of pounds of damage to the site of the Chornobyl nuclear power plant, according to experts. The photographer Julia Kochetova has gained access to the area


GOP lawmaker credits Trump for relieving his constituents on key issue after being 'demonized'

FOX News

Secretary of Energy Chris Wright discusses the economic impact of lowering energy prices, why energy is essential for artificial intelligence dominance, American LNG exports and possible U.S. operation of Ukrainian nuclear plants. Rep. August Pfluger, R-Texas, said that his constituents are feeling optimistic once again about the future of the oil and gas industry in his district and beyond. The Republican represents parts of central Texas that are critical to the industry, including the Permian Basin, as the Trump administration has famously promised to "drill, baby, drill." "Think about the hardworking men and women of the Permian Basin, or the Bakken or the Marcellus, or any other producing area. President Biden said, 'What you do is evil. You producing oil and gas is evil.' I mean, they basically demonized them," he told Fox News Digital in a recent interview.


6 Dems vote with House GOP to reverse Biden-era climate rules

FOX News

Energy Secretary Chris Wright discusses the economic impact of lowering energy prices, why energy is essential for artificial intelligence dominance, American LNG exports and possible U.S. operation of Ukrainian nuclear plants. Six House Democrats broke from their party on Thursday to pass a pair of bills blocking Biden administration-era green energy rules. One resolution, led by Rep. Stephanie Bice, R-Okla., seeks to overturn regulations imposed by former President Joe Biden's Department of Energy (DOE) for new clean energy standards targeting walk-in freezers and coolers. Biden speaks during the United Auto Workers union conference at the Marriott Marquis in Washington on Jan. 24, 2024. "I have fought every step of the way to prevent egregious rules from taking effect. These regulations will impose significant financial burdens on small businesses, which will have to absorb major upgrade costs to meet these new, aggressive standards," Bice told Fox News Digital.


Unified Guidance for Geometry-Conditioned Molecular Generation Leon Hetzel 1,2,3 Johanna Sommer 1,2 Fabian Theis 1,2,3

Neural Information Processing Systems

Effectively designing molecular geometries is essential to advancing pharmaceutical innovations, a domain, which has experienced great attention through the success of generative models and, in particular, diffusion models. However, current molecular diffusion models are tailored towards a specific downstream task and lack adaptability. We introduce UniGuide, a framework for controlled geometric guidance of unconditional diffusion models that allows flexible conditioning during inference without the requirement of extra training or networks. We show how applications such as structure-based, fragment-based, and ligand-based drug design are formulated in the UniGuide framework and demonstrate on-par or superior performance compared to specialised models. Offering a more versatile approach, UniGuide has the potential to streamline the development of molecular generative models, allowing them to be readily used in diverse application scenarios.



Using Noise to Infer Aspects of Simplicity Without Learning

Neural Information Processing Systems

Noise in data significantly influences decision-making in the data science process. In fact, it has been shown that noise in data generation processes leads practitioners to find simpler models. However, an open question still remains: what is the degree of model simplification we can expect under different noise levels? In this work, we address this question by investigating the relationship between the amount of noise and model simplicity across various hypothesis spaces, focusing on decision trees and linear models. We formally show that noise acts as an implicit regularizer for several different noise models. Furthermore, we prove that Rashomon sets (sets of near-optimal models) constructed with noisy data tend to contain simpler models than corresponding Rashomon sets with nonnoisy data. Additionally, we show that noise expands the set of "good" features and consequently enlarges the set of models that use at least one good feature. Our work offers theoretical guarantees and practical insights for practitioners and policymakers on whether simple-yet-accurate machine learning models are likely to exist, based on knowledge of noise levels in the data generation process.


A Detailed architecture

Neural Information Processing Systems

Similar to the eDAFNO architecture shown in (6), we present the iDAFNO version by incorporating the layer-independent parameter definition characterized in the IFNO structure (You et al., 2022c): ( J [h](x):=h(x) + τσ χ(x) (I(χ()h(); v) h(x)I(χ(); v) + W h(x) + c)), where I(; v):= F Here, τ = 1 is the reciprocal of the total number of layers employed. Note that the superscript l is L dropped because the model parameters are layer-independent in the iDAFNO architecture, which leads to significant computational saving. A total of 3 Fourier layers with 32 Fourier modes in each direction are employed. The parameter of each method is given in the following, where the parameter choice of each model is selected by tuning the number of layers and the width (channel dimension) keeping the total number of parameters on the same magnitude. To perform fair comparison with the results reported in Li et al. (2022a), we employ the same hyperparameters here: in particular, four Fourier layers with mode 12 and width 32 are used.


Unraveling Molecular Structure: A Multimodal Spectroscopic Dataset for Chemistry Marvin Alberts 1,2,4 Oliver Schilter 1,3,4 Federico Zipoli 1,4 Nina Hartrampf

Neural Information Processing Systems

Spectroscopic techniques are essential tools for determining the structure of molecules. Different spectroscopic techniques, such as Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Infrared spectroscopy, and Mass Spectrometry, provide insight into the molecular structure, including the presence or absence of functional groups.


MassSpecGym: Supplementary information

Neural Information Processing Systems

The dataset and its Croissant metadata record can be accessed through the Hugging Face Hub. Furthermore, we have made the code for dataset construction, analysis, reproduction of all our experiments, and evaluation of new models available on GitHub under the MIT license. Figure 1 provides an overview of the MassSpecGym infrastructure. We bear all responsibility in case of any violation of rights.